Preach the word
2 Timothy 4:1–5FocusFaithfulness despite changing appetites
Connection to the wholeThe solemn charge calls Timothy to patient, complete ministry even when people seek teachers who satisfy their own desires.
interpretation 2 Timothy 4:10
KJVFor Demas hath forsaken me, having loved this present world, and is departed unto Thessalonica; Crescens to Galatia, Titus unto Dalmatia.
Read it in context
Personal requests and final confidence
Start reading at 2 Timothy 4:9 (2 Timothy 4:9 to 2 Timothy 4:22).
An editorial reading unit, not a claim that the surrounding context stops here. Book background below applies to the shared passage; individual verses may need more specific explanation.
The closing names, needs, and recollections show the cost and fellowship of ministry alongside Paul's confidence in the Lord's deliverance.
- 4:9 Do thy diligence to come shortly unto me:
- 4:10 For Demas hath forsaken me, having loved this present world, and is departed unto Thessalonica; Crescens to Galatia, Titus unto Dalmatia.
- 4:11 Only Luke is with me. Take Mark, and bring him with thee: for he is profitable to me for the ministry.
- 4:12 And Tychicus have I sent to Ephesus.
- 4:13 The cloke that I left at Troas with Carpus, when thou comest, bring with thee, and the books, but especially the parchments.
- 4:14 Alexander the coppersmith did me much evil: the Lord reward him according to his works:
- 4:15 Of whom be thou ware also; for he hath greatly withstood our words.
- 4:16 At my first answer no man stood with me, but all men forsook me: I pray God that it may not be laid to their charge.
- 4:17 Notwithstanding the Lord stood with me, and strengthened me; that by me the preaching might be fully known, and that all the Gentiles might hear: and I was delivered out of the mouth of the lion.
- 4:18 And the Lord shall deliver me from every evil work, and will preserve me unto his heavenly kingdom: to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.
- 4:19 Salute Prisca and Aquila, and the household of Onesiphorus.
- 4:20 Erastus abode at Corinth: but Trophimus have I left at Miletum sick.
- 4:21 Do thy diligence to come before winter. Eubulus greeteth thee, and Pudens, and Linus, and Claudia, and all the brethren.
- 4:22 The Lord Jesus Christ be with thy spirit. Grace be with you. Amen.
Who
- Who wrote the book? Paul is the named author, traditionally understood as writing to Timothy late in his ministry. Biblical references: 2 Timothy 1:1; 2 Timothy 4:6. stated in the text
- Who was present or being addressed in this passage? In the surrounding chapter context (2 Timothy 1:1–4:22): Paul addresses Timothy personally, urging faithful teaching and endurance and asking him to come; coworkers and opponents are named in the circumstances he describes. stated in the text
- Who was the book written to? Timothy, called Paul's dearly beloved son, with instructions he is to entrust to other faithful teachers. Biblical references: 2 Timothy 1:2; 2 Timothy 2:2. stated in the text
What
- What is the topic of this reading unit? Personal requests and final confidence. Read 2 Timothy 4:9 through 2 Timothy 4:22 as a connected unit. interpretation
- How does it contribute to the book? The closing names, needs, and recollections show the cost and fellowship of ministry alongside Paul's confidence in the Lord's deliverance. interpretation
When
- When are the events or message set? Paul describes imprisonment and speaks of his departure as approaching. The letter does not state a calendar date. book background
Where
- What is the book’s geographic setting? Rome is named in the account of Onesiphorus' search for Paul; other places concern earlier ministry and fellow workers. book background
- Where does the context start? This passage sits in Personal requests and final confidence (2 Timothy 4:9 to 2 Timothy 4:22). Start reading at 2 Timothy 4:9. An editorial reading unit, not a claim that the surrounding context stops here. Book background below applies to the shared passage; individual verses may need more specific explanation.
How
- How does this book connect with Jesus Christ? Paul calls Timothy to remember Jesus Christ raised from the dead and to continue in the Scriptures that make wise unto salvation through faith in Christ. See 2 Timothy 1:17, 2 Timothy 2:8, 2 Timothy 3:15. interpretation
- How should this book guide our response? Continue faithfully in teaching and conduct despite opposition. Use Scripture for its stated work of instruction and correction, and do not confuse faithfulness with the absence of suffering. interpretation
Cited: 2 Timothy 4:9, 2 Timothy 4:22, 2 Timothy 1:17, 2 Timothy 2:8, 2 Timothy 3:15
Who wrote it, and how we know
Paul the apostle
Named in Scripture
What Scripture saysPaul names himself in the opening verse.
2 Timothy 1:1
Early traditionUniform early tradition names Paul.
What is debatedGrouped with the other Pastorals in the critical discussion above.
Related passages
- Demas Col 4:14-15 Phlm 1:24
- hath 2 Tim 4:16 2 Tim 1:15 Matt 26:56 Acts 13:13 Acts 15:38 2 Pet 2:15
- having Luke 9:61-62 Luke 14:26-27,33 Luke 16:13 Luke 17:32 Phil 2:21 1 Tim 6:10 1 John 2:15-16 1 John 5:4-5
- Thessalonica Acts 17:1,11,13
- Galatia Acts 16:6 Acts 18:23 Gal 1:2
- Titus 2 Cor 2:13 2 Cor 7:6 2 Cor 8:6,16 Gal 2:1-3 Titus 1:4
Cross references from CrossReferences-org (CC BY 4.0).
Macro-Structure
See how this passage fits the chapter and the book.
2 Timothy 4
Paul writes to Timothy from a setting of suffering and approaching death, urging him to preserve and teach the received message. The personal charge repeatedly joins sound doctrine with endurance and conduct.
2 Timothy 1:1 2 Timothy 1:2 2 Timothy 1:8 2 Timothy 4:6
Paul's approaching departure
2 Timothy 4:6–8FocusA course faithfully completed
Connection to the wholePaul's reflection on finishing his course provides a personal setting for the charge and directs hope toward the Lord's righteous reward.
interpretation FocusCompanions, opposition, and the Lord's help
Connection to the wholeThe closing names, needs, and recollections show the cost and fellowship of ministry alongside Paul's confidence in the Lord's deliverance.
interpretation Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.
2 Timothy
Paul writes to Timothy from a setting of suffering and approaching death, urging him to preserve and teach the received message. The personal charge repeatedly joins sound doctrine with endurance and conduct.
2 Timothy 1:1 2 Timothy 1:2 2 Timothy 1:8 2 Timothy 4:6
The entrusted testimony
2 Timothy 1:1–18FocusCourage and faithful keeping
Connection to the wholePaul recalls Timothy's faith and gift, urging him not to be ashamed and to guard the trust through the Holy Ghost.
interpretation The faithful worker
2 Timothy 2:1–26FocusTransmission, endurance, and gentle correction
Connection to the wholeImages of disciplined service lead into directions for teaching, personal holiness, and patient treatment of opponents.
interpretation Difficult times and the Scriptures
2 Timothy 3:1–17FocusDiscernment and continued learning
Connection to the wholePaul warns about corrupt conduct and deception, then directs Timothy to continue in what he has learned through the holy Scriptures.
interpretation FocusPreaching and finishing the course
Connection to the wholeThe command to preach is set beside Paul's approaching death and personal instructions concerning fellow workers and needs.
interpretation Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.